Article about the role of the United Nations and the U.N. Special Committee Against Apartheid. INTRODUCTION • Appreciation of the ANC • UNITED NATIONS CONSIDERATION OF THE RACIAL SITUATION IN SOUTH AFRICA: A BRIEF REVIEW • Visit of Dr. A.B. Xuma, President-General of the ANC, to the UN in 1946 and Rejection of Apartheid by UN in 1950 • The Defiance Campaign, 1952, and the Establishment of a UN Commission • Reports of UN Commission on the Racial Situation in the Union of South Africa (UNCORS) • ANC Request for Sanctions and Hammarskjold Mission to South Africa • General Assembly Resolution 1761 (XVII) of 6 November 1962 Calling for Sanctions • Special...
Article about the role of the United Nations and the U.N. Special Committee Against Apartheid. INTRODUCTION • Appreciation of the ANC • UNITED NATIONS CONSIDERATION OF THE RACIAL SITUATION IN SOUTH AFRICA: A BRIEF REVIEW • Visit of Dr. A.B. Xuma, President-General of the ANC, to the UN in 1946 and Rejection of Apartheid by UN in 1950 • The Defiance Campaign, 1952, and the Establishment of a UN Commission • Reports of UN Commission on the Racial Situation in the Union of South Africa (UNCORS) • ANC Request for Sanctions and Hammarskjold Mission to South Africa • General Assembly Resolution 1761 (XVII) of 6 November 1962 Calling for Sanctions • Special Committee against Apartheid Begins Work • Security Council Recommends an Arms Embargo • Visit of Oliver Tambo to the UN and Decisions by the UN General Assembly and the Security Council, October-December 1963 • Group of Experts on South Africa • Appeal against the Executions of Patriots, March 1964 • Sanctions Conference and Hearings in London • Meetings of the Security Council, June 1964 • Execution of Vuyisile Mini, Wilson Khayinga and Zinakile Mkaba • Deadlock on Sanctions, but Progress on Other Actions to Support the Struggle for Liberation • Establishment of UN Trust Fund for South Africa • International Campaign against Apartheid • Kitwe Seminar on Southern Africa, 1977 • Special Session of the Special Committee in Europe • International Conference of Trade Unions against Apartheid • Granting of Observer Status to Liberation Movements • Denial of legitimacy to the Racist Regime • Soweto Massacre and Beginning of Unilateral Sanctions by Some Western Governments • Denunciation of "Independence" of the Transkei and Other Bantustans • World Conference for Action against Apartheid • Security Council Imposes a Mandatory Arms Embargo • International Anti-Apartheid Year and Observance of the 60th Birthday of Nelson Mandela • Declaration on South Africa • Rejection of Reagan Administration's Policy of "Constructive Engagement" • Denunciation of the New Racist Constitution • Resolutions on "Concerted Action against Apartheid" • State of Emergency to Harare Declaration, 1985-1989 • UN Action During the Period of Transition • SOME NOTES ON UN ASSISTANCE TO THE LIBERATION STRUGGLE • Sanctions and boycotts • Arms embargo • Oil embargo • Other economic measures • Sports and Cultural Boycotts • Material support by the United Nations • Assistance to liberation movements • Assistance to Anti-apartheid Movements and Other NGOs • UN Trust Fund for South Africa • Assistance for Education and Training • Assistance During the Period of Transition. The article mentions the Pan African Congress (PAC), Oliver Tambo, Thabo Mbeki, Jacob Zuma, the Council on African Affairs, Paul Robeson, Alpheus Hunton, the Natal Indian Congress, Z. K. Matthews, the South African Indian Congress (SAIC), the Congress of Democrats, the Congress of the People, the Freedom Charter, Chief Luthuli, U Thant, Duma Nokwe, Tennyson Makiwane, Robert Rasha, Dialli Telli, Rivonia Trial, Canon Collins, the Defence and Aid Fund, Yusuf Dadoo, the South African Coloured People's Congress, Barbara Castle, the Anti-Apartheid Movement, Ruth First, the South African Congress of Trade Unions, World Council of Churches, Amnesty International, Steve Biko, J. N. Garba, Zac Yacoub, Murphy Morobe, the United Democratic Front, the Conference for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA), SAN-ROC, and the Supreme Council on Sport in Africa.