United States Policy and Southern Africa

Contents: PREFACE • UNITED STATES POLICY AND SOUTHERN AFRICA • A Position Stated • Assumptions About the Nature of the Southern Africa Situation • 1. Rhodesia • 2. Namibia • 3. Portuguese Territories • 4. South Africa • U.S. Policy in Practice • 1. Trade and Investment • a. South Africa • b. Namibia • c. Rhodesia • d. Portuguese Territories • 2, Military • a. South Africa • b. Portugal • 3. Cooperative Programs • National Aeronautics and Space Administration • Atomic Energy • Cooperative Scientific Arrangements • Exchange and Visitation Programs • 4. Liberation Movements • 5. The Nature of Diplomatic Relations • U.S. Policy Characterized • Appraisal and Direction • FOOTNOTES • Commissioned by the Phelps-Stokes Fund for its seminary on U.S. Policy Towards Africa held March 38-39, 1974. The pamphlet discusses FLN (National Liberation Front), SWAPO (South West African Peoples Organization), PAIGC (African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde,Partido Africano da Independëncia de Guiné e Cabo Verde), FRELIMO (Mozambique Liberation Front, Frente de Linertҫāo de Moҫambique), MPLA (Peoples Movement for the Liberation of Angola, Movimento Popular de Libertaҫāo de Angola), David Newsome, Assistant Secretary of State for Africa, the Nixon administration, the House Subcommittee on Africa, Immanuel Wallerstein, apartheid, the UN General Assembly, the Security Council, the Eisenhower administration, self-determination, Eduardo Mondlane, the Organization of African Unity (OAU), the African National Council, the Pearce Commission, the International Court of Justice, Prime Minister Vorster, Ovamboland, Communist countries, Bantustans, Dr. Busia, President Tsirinana, the South African Student Organization (SASO), the Black Peoples Convention, the National Union of South African Students (NUSAS), the Christian Institute, the South African Institute of Race Relations, the South African Amateur Swimming Federation, affected organizations, the Western Deep Level Mine, action by workers, the Department of State, the Department of Commerce, U.S. investments, Mobil, Caltex, oil, loans, the European-American Banking Corporation, diamonds, precious stones, metals, sugar, the Export-Import Bank, Exxon, Gulf, Aracca Exploration Limited, Continental, Getty, Philips, the Newmont Mining Corporation, American Metal Climax, U.S. Steel, Bethlehem Steel, Nord Mining, Navarro/Zapata, Phelps, Dodge, Tidal Diamonds, UDI (Universal Declaration of Independence), sanctions, Union Carbide, the Byrd Amendment, John Scallli, Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, Gulf Oil Company. Gulf Cabinda, Tenneco, Texaco, Sun Oil, Hunt International, the American Beechcraft Corporation, South Africa's defense force, the Air Commandos, the amphibious Sikorsky 62 helicopter, the House Foreign Affairs Committee, Jennifer Davis, Cessna, the Lear-jet 24D, U.S. corporations, IBM, the South African Department of Defense, ITT, General Electric, diesel locomotives, Minister of Information Dr. Cornelius Mulder, Vice-Admiral Ray Peet, Vice-President Ford, the Southern Africa Committee, Admiral Hugo Bierman, NATO, self-determination, the Azores, the Bureau of African Affairs, Dr. Salazar, Boeing 747, Premier Caetano, Senator Humphrey, Senator Tunney, the Foreign Aid Bill, U.S. military policy towards Portugal, the Military Assistance Program, NASA, space tracing stations, the Council on Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, the Atomic Energy Board, Pelindaba, Allis-Chalmers, Congressman Donald Fraser, Americans for Democratic Action, Aristides Pereira, the National Security Council, Lee Elder, Arthur Ashe, Hugh Scott, Thomas Morgan, John Tower, Governor Ronald Reagan, Thomas Bradley, embargo military equipment, arms, weapons, Kurt Waldheim, Congressman Charles Diggs, Amilcar Cabral, the UN Committee on Decolonization, the Congressional Black Caucus (CBC), pass laws, the Soviet Union, the American Committee on Africa (ACOA), and the UN Trust Fund for Southern Africa.