An Introduction to Angola and Mozambique

Contents: INTRODUCTION FOR TEACHERS • LESSON 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE AFRICAN CONTINENT by Marie Varley, Global Awareness Team and Sister Marion Hughes • LESSON 2 INTRODUCTION TO MOZAMBIQUE by Marie Giblin, PhD., Maryknoll School of Theology • LESSON 3 CURRENT SITUATION IN MOZAMBIQUE by Marie Giblin, PhD., Maryknoll School of Theology • LESSON 4 INTRODUCTION TO ANGOLA by Nick Mottern, Maryknoll Society • LESSON 5 CURRENT SITUATION IN ANGOLA by Nick Mottern, Maryknoll Society • LESSON 6 COMPARISON OF U.S./AFRICA/MOZAMBIQUE/ANGOLA by Marie Varley and Sister Marion Hughes • LESSON ·7 SADCC: The Southern African Development Coordination Conference by Sister Marion Hughes, Maryknoll Sisters • LESSON 8 CALL TO ACTION by Marie Varley, Global Awareness Team • Student Handout Moz. #1: MOZAMBIQUE: HISTORY TIME LINE • Student Handout Moz. #2: THE DREAM OF EDUARDO MONDLANE • STUDENT HANDOUT #3: MAP OF SADCC COUNTRIES • Student Handout Moz. #4: PROFILE OF MOZAMBIQUE • STUDENT HANDOUT #4: FLOW CHART • Student Handout Angola #1: ANGOLA TIME LINE • Student Handout Angola #2 MAP OF ANGOLA • Student Handout Angola #3: PROFILE OF ANGOLA • STUDENT HANDOUT #5: HISTORICAL TIMELINE • Student Handout #6: QUOTES FROM SOUTH AFRICA • GLOSSARY • AUDIO - VISUALS • INFORMATION SOURCES ON MOZAMBIQUE • INFORMATION SOURCES ON ANGOLA • EVALUATION • The pamphlet says since the early 1960s most of the countries of southern Africa have gained their independence; many of these countries depended on South Africa for trade and transport links and were truly at the mercy and whim of the South African government which considered their independence and success a threat to their apartheid policy; in 1980, nine countries in southern Africa united to improve, expand and develop their economies, lessening their dependence on South Africa; to counterbalance this, Pretoria pushed forward its policy of destabilization; this curriculum contrasts present day Africa with the United States and pre-independence Africa; it looks at South Africa's policy of destabilization, the composition of the Southern African Development Coordination Conference and provides a more in-depth study of two of these countries, Mozambique and Angola; it is targeted for the junior and senior high school level; all eight lessons can be explored or, the first, sixth and seventh lessons can be used and then at the teacher's discretion, either the two lessons on Mozambique or the two on Angola, plus the Call to Action. The pamphlet says we wish to extend our gratitude to the Washington Office on Africa for their permission to reproduce their fact sheets; we also thank the artists of Nyumba yo Sanaa, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania for their art work and Dr. Sara Talis, Sister Jennie Burke and Sister Rosanne Ong for their encouragement, support and input. The pamphlet includes a map of SADCC countries (Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The document discusses the SADCC (Southern Africa Development Coordination Conference), Portuguese colonialism, FRELIMO, Eduardo Mondlane, policeman, Vasco de Gama, Portuguese settlers, taxation, forced labor, expulsion of people, trafficking of slaves, land, the "prazo" system, slavery, Mozambican labor, South African mines, gold, the Berlin Conference, Antonio Salazar, NESAM (Nucleus of African Secondary Students in Mozambique), the massacre at Mueda (Cabo Delgado) of villagers and leaders who are asking for independence and better economic conditions, Dar-es-Salaam, a parcel bomb, "Operation Gordian Knot", the overthrow of the Caetano regime, Rhodesia, Mozambique National Resistance (the MNR or RENAMO), Marxism-Leninism, nationalization, land, church property, education, rents, health care, funeral parlors, vital services, natural resources, OMM (Organizacao da Mulher de Angola, Organization of the Women of Angola), the African National Congress (ANC), the IMF (International Monetary Fund), the World Bank, President Samora Machel, South Africa's Prime Minister P.W. Botha, the Nkomati Accord (Nkomati Peace Accord), South African Catholic Bishops Conference (SACBC), the non-aggression treaty, young boys, forced to kill, Joaquim Chissano, the Front Line States, destabilization via terror tactics against civilians, the United Nations, people displaced, lsaacman (Allen Isaacman), Sara J. Talis, Marie Giblin, the Washington Office on Africa (WOA), the Beira Corridor, the Chiqualaquaia Railroad, Mbundu people of Ndongo, resistance, the Kongo Kingdom, the slave trade, Partido Reformista de Angola, Jose Ribeiro Norton de Matos, diamonds, sugar, palm oil, MPLA (Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola), FNLA (National Front for the Liberation of Angola), Portuguese settlers, Mario de Andrade, Agostinho Neto, the OAU (Organization of African Unity), UNITA (National Union for the Total Independence of Angola), Alvor Accord, Cuban advisors, Cuban troops, the Soviet Union, China, Yugoslavia, the Scandinavian countries, a military base in Kamina, Zaire, UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund), South African withdrawal from Namibia, Jonas Savimbi, apartheid, Banning, Bantustans, the Black Consciousness Movement (BCM), black spots, black townships, South African Police (SAP), Afrikaans, Afrikaners, liberation movements, the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC), the National Party, pass laws, influx control, Sharpeville Massacre, and the Soweto Uprising.